Markus Kopko

expert panel

Europe has spent the last decade establishing itself as the global leader in technology regulation. The General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) reshaped how organizations handle personal data worldwide, and the European Union’s landmark AI Act aims to set guardrails for high-risk AI systems across industries. Yet policymakers now appear willing to recalibrate. European officials have begun discussing potential simplifications or delays to portions of the AI Act and related digital rules as they confront a widening innovation gap with the U.S. and China. The EU’s strict regulatory framework has slowed the pace of large-scale AI experimentation compared with other global tech hubs, putting them at a distinct disadvantage in the market. Members of the Senior Executive AI Think Tank—a curated network of leaders specializing in machine learning, generative AI and enterprise AI strategy—say the debate isn’t simply about regulation versus innovation. Instead, they argue that Europe’s regulatory approach has quietly limited several categories of AI development, from cross-border data platforms to real-time industrial automation. If policymakers move forward with regulatory adjustments, the ripple effects could be significant: Startups may gain the freedom to experiment faster, enterprises may finally scale AI deployments beyond pilot programs and the EU could evolve from global rule-setter into a more formidable technology competitor. Below, Think Tank members explain what Europe may have been holding back—and what could happen next.

expert panel

No longer confined to analytics dashboards and recommendation engines, AI systems are now initiating transactions, approving workflows, flagging anomalies and even orchestrating other software agents. With this sudden increase in autonomy, business leaders are left asking: Where should humans step back—and where must they stay firmly in control? According to a 2025 McKinsey survey on the state of AI, nearly nine out of 10 organizations now report using AI in at least one business function, yet most are still early in scaling these technologies and many lack robust governance and risk controls. As artificial intelligence advances from advisory tools to agentic systems capable of multi-step planning and execution, the leadership challenge shifts: defining not just what AI can do, but what it should do. Members of the Senior Executive AI Think Tank—a curated group of experts in machine learning, generative AI and enterprise-scale transformation—argue that the real issue isn’t capability but accountability. Across their industry expertise, they all converge on one theme: The boundary between human judgment and machine decision-making must be dynamic, evidence-based and anchored in responsibility. Here is how they recommend drawing—and redrawing—that line.