Marketing teams have never had more data, automation or channels to work with. Yet the problems that stall growth, weaken trust or drain a team’s energy often aren’t technical at all. They’re rooted in people: how customers feel, how teams collaborate, how leaders handle uncertainty, and how organizations respond when old assumptions stop working.
That tension is becoming harder to ignore as AI changes both the volume and nature of brand communication. Americans remain cautious about AI’s broader impact, and recent industry conversations have pointed to a related marketing reality: As AI-generated content and commerce tools multiply, brands still need real trust, relevance and direct human connection to stand out.
A marketing problem may look like a messaging issue, a measurement issue or a channel issue, but to resolve it, leaders often need to look deeper. Because no matter how many campaigns launch or what dashboards say, marketing is only effective if it reaches and connects with the audience—and that requires both inward and outward focus on the humans who write and receive the story.
Below, members of the Senior Executive CMO Think Tank, a curated group with expertise in brand storytelling, customer engagement and the rise of AI in marketing, share and discuss examples of the human challenges that will always impact marketing and how teams can adjust their strategies once they adopt a human-centered viewpoint.
“Successful teams remain close enough to observe how customers actually live and what they actually value and how their brand fits into the rhythms of their lives.”
Stay Close to the People You Serve
As companies scale, it’s easy for customer understanding to become abstract. Daryl Travis, Founder and Chairman of Brandtrust, says growth can create distance between decision-makers and the people they’re trying to reach.
“When organizations are young, they tend to live close to the humans they serve,” Travis says. “Founders talk directly with customers. Designers watch how products are used. But success changes things. Growth introduces layers. Meetings multiply. Dashboards replace conversations. Decision-makers drift away from the human truths of everyday experience.”
That drift, he notes, can weaken a brand’s relevance over time. The solution is a commitment by leaders and teams to stay in touch with their mission and audience.
“Clearly, the brands that sustain relevance over long periods of time refuse to drift away from the people they serve,” Travis says. “Successful teams remain close enough to observe how customers actually live and what they actually value and how their brand fits into the rhythms of their lives.”
For Travis, the strategic shift starts with something simple: listening.
“Once leaders commit to observing and listening well, something remarkable happens,” he says. “They begin to see things competitors miss. And when they build from human truths, growth inevitably follows.”
Make Understanding the Real Goal
Marketing efforts can look impressive on paper but still fail to be actually useful. Kathleen Lucente, Founder and CEO of Red Fan Communications, says the human challenge underneath most marketing problems is that “people have been trained to perform expertise, not translate it.” It’s behavior that’s rewarded but that ultimately doesn’t make an impact.
“The performance gets applause from the board and the analyst call. The translation is what actually moves a buyer,” Lucente says. “The two are not the same thing, and most teams cannot tell which one they are producing.”
She explains that the critical shift is to stop measuring whether content sounds smart and start measuring whether the buyer can repeat it back.
“If your customer cannot describe what you do in their own words after reading your material, the content failed, regardless of how it performed,” Lucente says.
She adds that some of the most successful marketers understand this because they’ve been trained to communicate clearly under real pressure.
“The strongest marketers I have worked with come from journalism or sales backgrounds,” she says. “They learned early that being understood is harder and more valuable than being impressive.”
Treat Trust as the Core Challenge
Kurt Allen is Vice President of Enrollment, Marketing and Communications for Notre Dame de Namur University. He points out that today’s audiences are overwhelmed by nonstop content, AI-generated messaging, targeted ads and brands constantly competing for attention. This, he says, leads to one of the biggest human challenges in modern marketing: the growing erosion of trust.
“People have become more skeptical, selective and emotionally disconnected from corporate messaging,” Allen says. “Many organizations respond by producing even more content at a faster pace, but volume rarely solves a trust problem.”
Instead, he argues, leaders need to reframe the work around credibility and connection.
“Once leaders recognize trust as the real challenge, strategy changes,” Allen says. “Marketing should focus less on chasing algorithms and more on building authentic relationships through transparency, consistency, listening and human-centered storytelling. Teams should prioritize relevance over reach, empowering folks to share genuine experiences.”
“The fix isn’t more tools; instead, it’s prioritization and focus. Treat these as human problems, and the solutions look different.”
Fix the Human Issues Technology and Strategy Are Hiding
Modern marketing teams are under pressure to prove revenue impact while also adapting to new tools, new skills and new expectations. But Jayashree Rajan, CMO of Nexla, says the toughest challenges in modern marketing aren’t strategic but human—and she sees two big ones.
“The first is fear,” Rajan says. “Fear of not contributing to revenue makes marketers undermine the trust they’re building. Community posts get an angle; emails become a slow walk toward a demo. That’s a measurement problem, not a strategy one.
“The second is priorities,” she continues. “AI hasn’t solved it—in fact, it’s added to it. Teams now learn to code, build and train agents on top of strategy, pipeline and execution. The list got longer, not shorter.”
Rajan stresses that leaders who recognize this stop asking why teams aren’t moving faster and start asking what actually moves the needle.
“The fix isn’t more tools; instead, it’s prioritization and focus,” she says. “Treat these as human problems, and the solutions look different.”
Stop Optimizing for Approval
Some brands don’t struggle because they lack intelligence, resources or market opportunity. They struggle because they’re afraid to take a position. Evan White, CMO of ERIN, says that anxiety can quietly push teams toward forgettable work.
“One of the biggest marketing challenges isn’t a marketing problem at all,” White says. “It’s fear. Fear of being wrong. Fear of standing out. Fear of upsetting someone. The result is safe marketing that nobody remembers.”
For White, stronger marketing begins when leaders give teams permission to be more daring and distinctive.
“The brands that win aren’t always the loudest or the smartest,” he says. “They’re the ones willing to have a point of view. Once leaders recognize fear is driving decisions, they can stop optimizing for approval and start optimizing for attention, trust and memorability.”
Make Room for Contribution, Not Just Attribution
Attribution can clarify marketing’s impact, but it can also narrow the conversation too much. Kurt Uhlir, Chief Marketing Officer for ez Home Search, says marketing teams often see where the numbers fail to capture how revenue is really created.
“Marketing is often the first function to see that attribution alone is giving the company an incomplete story,” Uhlir says. “A webinar may create the lead, a sales relationship may close it, product may prove value in the trial, and customer success may either strengthen or weaken the renewal months later.”
The human challenge, he explains, is that every team wants to protect its credit, especially when budgets, bonuses and board narratives are attached to the numbers. That requires a more mature conversation about how teams work together.
“Leaders have to make room for contribution alongside attribution,” Uhlir says. “What truly helped the win? What created risk? Which promise set the wrong expectations? That requires healthy conflict without political punishment. Teams act differently when they stop defending their lane and start studying how the whole system creates revenue, trust and retention.”
“Exercising cognitive empathy requires understanding not only what audiences are doing, but also how they are processing, interpreting and emotionally contextualizing what they experience.”
Look Beneath the Metrics
Marketing dashboards can show what people clicked, watched or ignored. Paul L. Gunn Jr., Founder of Signal & Anomaly and KUOG Corporation, says they don’t always explain what people understood, felt or believed.
“Many of the toughest marketing challenges are human interpretation challenges beneath surface metrics,” Gunn says. “Organizations often mistake low engagement, conversion or trust as content problems when they may actually be meaning-making problems.”
That calls for a deeper understanding of how audiences think—and how they may be reaching different conclusions than marketing teams expect.
“Exercising cognitive empathy requires understanding not only what audiences are doing, but also how they are processing, interpreting and emotionally contextualizing what they experience,” Gunn says. “Metacognition adds another layer by helping teams examine the assumptions shaping their own thinking.”
Once leaders recognize this, Gunn says, strategy shifts from producing more content to creating deeper understanding, stronger trust and better timing.
“Human behavior often reveals signals long before dashboards fully explain them,” he concludes.
Keep Analyzing What Motivates Customers
Marketing can’t rely on a one-time insight or a static customer profile. Jessica Hawthorne, CEO of Hawthorne Advertising, says teams need to keep studying the audience.
“Marketing is not a ‘set it and forget it’ function,” she says. “Sustainable growth requires continuous analysis of the human motivations that drive customer behavior, combined with ongoing evaluation of market dynamics, competitive forces and consumer trends.”
For Hawthorne, that ongoing analysis helps teams connect intent with execution.
“Success comes from understanding not only why customers make decisions but also how to reach the right audiences on the right platforms with the right message at the right time.”
Respect the Audience’s Time and Intelligence
Consumers know when a brand experience feels helpful and when it feels intrusive. Erin Lentz, Executive Director of Design at ArtVersion, says her team’s approach starts with recognizing that fact.
“At ArtVersion, we focus on People First,” Lentz says. “Audiences are exposed to a lot of noise from brands—their content, automated messaging, personalization that is based on tracking and can be spooky, and constant messaging about what is important to that brand.”
The issue, she explains, isn’t simply how to reach more people more often but how to connect more deeply with the audience and earn their attention in a way that feels natural and useful.
“Once teams recognize that, the strategy changes and users’ needs are prioritized,” Lentz says. “Happier users make happier companies. Marketing teams think less about pushing the next campaign into the world and more about creating experiences that respect the audience and their time, needs and intelligence.”
“We need to start with an understanding of why there will be resistance to change, then develop our approach to embrace each issue, educate our team on the value of what is ahead, and calibrate our leadership to align internally with those we manage.”
Lead Change With Empathy
Marketing challenges often expose deeper issues inside an organization. Bob Pearson, Chair of Pearson Advisory Group, says many familiar complaints point back to psychological and cultural barriers.
“We can all list the issues,” Pearson says. “‘We need a strategy’ is often a refusal to align. We complain customer service is decreasing in quality, but it may be driven by a lack of empathy. Leaders ask for innovation, then penalize us if we fail. We complain about thought leadership, but we don’t want to take a stand on key topics.”
Why do so many of us do this? Pearson says the underlying and critical answer is mostly psychological—a fear of failure and the loss of responsibility; a new environment that’s creating anxiety; worry about the reactions of peers. He stresses that this is why change management has to be grounded in empathy, not just direction.
“We need to start with an understanding of why there will be resistance to change, then develop our approach to embrace each issue, educate our team on the value of what is ahead, and calibrate our leadership to align internally with those we manage,” Pearson says. “It takes effort, understanding and the ability to view the world from the vantage point of your team.”
Architect for Adaptation
AI may be reshaping the content creation workflow, but Amber Brown, Senior Vice President of Product and Marketing for Clario, says it’s not modern marketing’s hardest challenge. Instead, she says, the human instinct to protect the expertise and identity that made people successful in the past often proves to be the biggest obstacle.
“While markets, platforms and buyer behavior evolve in real time, many organizations still operate through org charts, incentives and workflows designed to preserve comfort and minimize disruption,” Brown says.
She asserts that the best marketing teams architect for adaptation.
“They build operating models where experimentation, rapid learning, reinvention and challenge are embedded into daily work, not treated as side projects,” Brown says. “In modern marketing, comfort is not stability. It is decay with delayed visibility.”
“The best leadership teams will rally together around key goals, co-develop the strategies to achieve them, and build blended teams to execute against them. This puts people at the center of business performance rather than the function of a department.”
Build Shared Ownership Across Teams
As business functions become more connected, marketing challenges increasingly involve more than the marketing team alone. Cerys Goodall, Founder and Fractional COO/CMO for The Goods, says leaders need to move beyond traditional departmental lines.
“We are at a critical point in leadership where every business function has overlap and integration with another, making clarity of strategy, execution and accountability difficult to manage if you see business through a traditional siloed lens,” she explains.
That requires leadership teams to align around a vision and shared responsibilities.
“The best leadership teams will rally together around key goals, co-develop the strategies to achieve them, and build blended teams to execute against them,” Goodall says. “This puts people at the center of business performance rather than the function of a department. It eliminates departmental wars for budget, headcount and accolades and instead creates shared ownership, collaboration and new professional opportunities.”
She says this kind of integration is already emerging in certain parts of the business, but leaders can go further.
“We often see elements of this happening between marketing and product or operations and customer experience,” Goodall says. “But when we radically change the work we do to center around core pillars, we move faster, with purpose and less ego, and improve culture at the very foundation.”
The Practical Principles of Human-Centered Marketing
- Keep decision-makers connected to real customers. As companies grow, leaders should protect opportunities to observe, listen to and learn from the people they serve so customer understanding doesn’t get replaced by internal assumptions.
- Measure whether buyers understand the message. Strong content shouldn’t just sound sophisticated; it should help customers clearly explain what the company does and why it matters in their own words.
- Prioritize trust over content volume. When audiences are skeptical or overwhelmed, teams should focus on transparency, consistency, relevance and authentic relationship-building instead of simply producing more campaigns.
- Separate real priorities from activity. Leaders should help teams identify what truly moves the needle, especially when AI and new tools are adding more work rather than reducing it.
- Give teams permission to be distinctive. If fear is driving decisions, leaders should shift the standard from internal approval to attention, trust and memorability.
- Recognize contribution alongside attribution. Revenue, retention and trust are often created across multiple teams, so leaders should create room for honest conversations about what helped, what hurt and what should change.
- Look for meaning behind the metrics. Low engagement or weak conversion may reflect a deeper disconnect in how audiences are interpreting and emotionally processing the message.
- Keep customer motivation under continuous review. Markets, platforms and expectations shift quickly, so teams need to keep evaluating why customers make decisions and how best to reach them.
- Design experiences that respect the audience. Marketing should feel useful, natural and considerate of people’s time, needs and intelligence—not intrusive or brand-centered.
- Lead change with empathy. Resistance inside an organization often comes from fear, anxiety or uncertainty, so leaders should address the human side of change before expecting alignment.
- Build adaptation into daily work. Experimentation, learning and reinvention should be part of the operating model, not occasional projects reserved for moments of disruption.
- Create shared ownership across functions. Marketing challenges increasingly cross departmental lines, so leaders should align teams around shared goals, blended execution and collective accountability.
Turning Human Insight Into Marketing Advantage
Modern marketing will continue to evolve as AI, automation and new customer expectations reshape how brands communicate. But the most effective teams won’t treat technology as a substitute for human understanding; they’ll use it in service of clearer communication, stronger trust, better collaboration and more relevant experiences.
That shift requires leaders to look past surface-level symptoms and ask what’s really driving the challenge. When teams understand the people behind the data—both inside and outside the organization—they’re better equipped to create marketing that resonates, adapts and earns lasting attention.
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